Проблемы японской семьи в начале XXI в.
Аннотация
Работа посвящена проблемам современной японской семьи. Автор анализирует процесс трансформации японской семьи от преобладающей системы "муж-добытчик и жена-домохозяйка" к системе, где работают оба супруга, а также выделяет распространившиеся в XXI в. типы домохозяйств, состоящих из одного человека или взрослых японцев, продолжающих жить с родителями. Используя статистические данные, автор определяет главные причины не вступления японцами в брак, преобладающие среди населения трудности во взаимопонимании, совмещении работы с воспитанием детей, изучает случаи домашнего насилия. Автор анализирует политику правительства Японии по преодолению демографической проблемы, возникшей в результате изменения структуры японской семьи, и приходит к выводу о разноплановости предпринимаемых государством мер, включающих не только материальное стимулирование рождаемости, но и создание более благоприятных условий труда для семей с детьми.
Ключевые слова: Япония, семья, брак, взаимоотношения, правительство Японии
Plokhova Anna Stanislavovna
Japanese family’s problems at the beginning of the XXI century.
Candidate of Historical Sciences, Assistant Professor Smirnov Sergey Victorovich
The paper is devoted to the problems of the modern Japanese family. The author analyzes the process of transformation of the Japanese family from the prevailing “a provider husband and housewife” system to the system where both spouses work, and also highlights the spread of single-person household or household where adult single continue to live with their parents. Using statistical data, the author identifies the main reasons for non-marriage in Japan, the prevailing dificulties in mutual understanding, combining work with raising children, and examing cases of domestic violence. The author analyzes the policy of the Japanese government to overcome the demographic problem that arose as a result of changes in the structure of the Japanese family, and concludes that the measures taken by the government are diverse, including not only material incentives for the birth rate, but also creating more favorable working conditions for families with children.
Key words: Japan, family, marriage, relationships, Japanese government
Ключевые слова: Япония, семья, брак, взаимоотношения, правительство Японии
Plokhova Anna Stanislavovna
Japanese family’s problems at the beginning of the XXI century.
Candidate of Historical Sciences, Assistant Professor Smirnov Sergey Victorovich
The paper is devoted to the problems of the modern Japanese family. The author analyzes the process of transformation of the Japanese family from the prevailing “a provider husband and housewife” system to the system where both spouses work, and also highlights the spread of single-person household or household where adult single continue to live with their parents. Using statistical data, the author identifies the main reasons for non-marriage in Japan, the prevailing dificulties in mutual understanding, combining work with raising children, and examing cases of domestic violence. The author analyzes the policy of the Japanese government to overcome the demographic problem that arose as a result of changes in the structure of the Japanese family, and concludes that the measures taken by the government are diverse, including not only material incentives for the birth rate, but also creating more favorable working conditions for families with children.
Key words: Japan, family, marriage, relationships, Japanese government