Влияние информационной и экономической глобализации на экономическое неравенство в постсоветских странах
Аннотация
As a result of its dominant effects on every aspect of modern life, globalization has become one of the most well-known economic phenomena of the 21st century. The trend of rapid globalization over
the past three decades has been characterized by the movement of information, technology, labor and capital. Meanwhile, the concentration of income among a few people in both developed and developing countries has led many people to reevaluate assumptions regarding globalization's distributional agenda. The diffusion of information and the expansion of global economic integration both have an impact on income distribution. The expanding importance of information and communication technology (ICT) has been emphasized by many scholars and international organizations. For instance, the World Bank (2012) encourages countries to promote ICT to reduce poverty, enhance productivity and stimulate economic growth. Despite the economic benefits of ICT diffusion, there has been a growing concern regarding the negative impacts of it on income distribution. Similarly, the integration of trade can provide numerous advantages for local markets, while also potentially impacting some sectors adversely. How trade globalization reshapes skilled and unskilled labor sectors has a direct impact on income inequality due to the wage differences in these sectors. Therefore,
understanding which income groups gain from the opportunities provided by trade integration and which groups suffer negative consequences is crucial. The growth of information and economic globalization has also caused reconsideration of taxation policy, which has a significant effect on the redistribution of income. For instance, in the case of the post-Soviet countries, information and economic globalization process has been crucial reason for flat tax reform. Flat tax policies are a strategic response to the pressures of a competitive international market for investment capital. This pressure becomes even more intense in the post-Soviet economies that are experiencing their unique difficulties. Most of the post-Soviet countries have introduced flat tax policies to show investors that their countries are business-friendly. Taxation policy reform from progressive to flat rate has affected income inequality in this group of countries.
the past three decades has been characterized by the movement of information, technology, labor and capital. Meanwhile, the concentration of income among a few people in both developed and developing countries has led many people to reevaluate assumptions regarding globalization's distributional agenda. The diffusion of information and the expansion of global economic integration both have an impact on income distribution. The expanding importance of information and communication technology (ICT) has been emphasized by many scholars and international organizations. For instance, the World Bank (2012) encourages countries to promote ICT to reduce poverty, enhance productivity and stimulate economic growth. Despite the economic benefits of ICT diffusion, there has been a growing concern regarding the negative impacts of it on income distribution. Similarly, the integration of trade can provide numerous advantages for local markets, while also potentially impacting some sectors adversely. How trade globalization reshapes skilled and unskilled labor sectors has a direct impact on income inequality due to the wage differences in these sectors. Therefore,
understanding which income groups gain from the opportunities provided by trade integration and which groups suffer negative consequences is crucial. The growth of information and economic globalization has also caused reconsideration of taxation policy, which has a significant effect on the redistribution of income. For instance, in the case of the post-Soviet countries, information and economic globalization process has been crucial reason for flat tax reform. Flat tax policies are a strategic response to the pressures of a competitive international market for investment capital. This pressure becomes even more intense in the post-Soviet economies that are experiencing their unique difficulties. Most of the post-Soviet countries have introduced flat tax policies to show investors that their countries are business-friendly. Taxation policy reform from progressive to flat rate has affected income inequality in this group of countries.