Эффекты влияния прямых иностранных инвестиций на развитие стран Африки в условиях пандемии и цифровизации

Аннотация

In the beginning of the century, Africa experienced a “growth miracle”, with annual economic growth surging and poverty declining, everything was working for the continent. But sharp declines in oil and commodity prices in the past decade have reduced Africa’s projected growth. Africa’s labour and natural resource endowments are insufficient to attract financial capital, that is due to low public, human and institutional capital. The high quality of these capitals enhances productivity of physical and financial capitals and reduces cost of doing business. When these are directly provided by investors, they serve as taxes on returns on investment.To build a modern and inclusive economy, policymakers in Africa have resorted to turn towards economic transformation. Although potential benefits of FDI were not first appraised, African countries used to attract FDI primarily from their former colonial powers. This has begun to change in the last twenty years as China, France, UAE, UK and USA, are becoming major investment partners for many African countries. Recent pandemic crisis slowed economic development and
weakened a lot of social economic progress. With the lack of sanitation measures and adequate medical facilities and assistance, there was increasing fear that the virus could wipe out a greater part of Africa. Movement restriction across borders caused internalization to plummet and international trade to fade