Влияние цифровизации на благополучие человека в развитых и развивающихся странах / The impact of digitalization on human well-being in developed and developing countries

Смирнова Анастасия Евгеньевна

Аннотация


Digitalization is an important factor in modern society, having a significant impact on the well-being of people in developed and developing countries. The development of digital technologies leads to changes in all spheres of life, from the economy and education to healthcare and social interactions [39]. With the spread of digital technologies to the masses, the impact of digitalization on people's well-being has become a particularly urgent problem. This creates new opportunities and challenges that require in-depth research of the impact of digitalization on people's well-being.
One of the main aspects of the study is the potential of digitalization to increase the level of well-being of people. Digital technologies can improve access to education and healthcare, create new jobs, reduce inequality and improve the efficiency of public and social services [9-11]. Research on such a topic will help to identify specific ways in which digitalization can contribute to the well-being of people in various contexts.
The impact of digitalization may be different for developed and developing countries. It depends on the readiness for technology, infrastructure, socio-economic context and the needs of the population. It is important to consider the impact of digitalization on the well-being of people separately in developed and developing countries. In developed countries, there is already broad access to digital technologies, high-speed Internet connections and a developed digital economy [3,7]. At the same time, infrastructure in developing countries may be less developed, which limits the availability and effectiveness of digital solutions [25]. Therefore, the study of the impact of digitalization on the well-being of people in each of these groups of countries allows us to take into account the peculiarities of their context and develop appropriate strategies and recommendations.
In addition, in developed countries there is often a higher standard of living, education and accessibility of public and social services [3,7]. In developing countries, there are challenges related to poverty, inequality and limited resources [25]. The study of the impact of digitalization on well-being in these different contexts allows us to identify the characteristics and problems of each group of countries and develop specific approaches to solving these problems. The study will identify similar and different trends, problems and challenges, as well as identify effective strategies and approaches to the use of digital technologies in different conditions.
Also, understanding the relationship between digitalization and human well-being is important for making social and economic decisions, developing policies and development strategies. The results of the thesis can be useful for governmental and non-governmental organizations, business and society as a whole, helping to determine priorities and directions of development, as well as to develop recommendations on the use of digital technologies to improve the well-being of people [25].
The purpose of this final qualifying work is to study the impact of digitalization on human well-being in the context of three different levels of satisfaction of human needs and, consequently, on three levels of human well-being in both developed and developing countries in the period 2016-2020. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: to identify theoretical approaches to the factors of well-being in the global economy; to analyze and classify digitalization indicators as a key development trend; to determine methods for measuring well-being; to model the impact of digitalization factors on different levels of human well-being; to outline the prospects for managing factors for different levels of well-being. Also, in the course of the work, the impact of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals on the well-being of people in developed and developing countries is considered.
The subject of this final qualifying work is the impact of digitalization on the well-being of people in developed and developing countries for 2016-2020. The object of this final qualifying work is the well-being of people, expressed by three different levels of human well-being: basic human needs, the foundations of well-being, the possibilities of well-being.
To achieve this goal, a combined methodological approach was used in the work, including the analysis of scientific literature, statistical data, comparative analysis and empirical research [40, 42-44]. Theoretical concepts of well-being and digitalization were analyzed, and econometric analysis was used to study the impact of digitalization on well-being in various countries, which included data collection, verification and elimination of errors in models of heteroscedasticity, multicollinearity, autocorrelation, conducting the Houseman test to determine the best model, as well as interpretation of the results obtained. Finally, in the course of the work, some policy recommendations were made based on the conclusions of the literature review and the practical results obtained.
The results of the study can be useful for developing development policies and strategies, making social and economic decisions. They allow us to better understand the impact of digitalization on people's well-being and identify the most effective strategies and approaches to the use of digital technologies in various conditions.
In general, the final qualifying work asserts that digitalization has a complex and multifaceted relationship with human well-being, having a negligible positive impact on different levels of human well-being in developed and developing countries, and that further research is needed to fully understand this relationship and develop effective measures that contribute to achieving a greater positive impact in the field of human well-being. at various levels of satisfaction of human needs.
The study is based on a wide range of information and empirical base to get a complete picture of the impact of digitalization on the well-being of people in developed and developing countries. In the course of the work, this study was based on the analysis of scientific literature, statistical data, reports of international organizations and empirical studies conducted in various countries. Scientific publications, journals, articles and books related to digitalization, well-being, development and social sciences are used as an information base. The analysis of academic research helps to understand the existing literature and theoretical models related to the research topic.
To obtain an empirical base, data from various sources are used, such as reports from international organizations, including the World Bank [57], Legatum Institute [51], International Telecommunication Union [49], BBVA report [45], Sustainable development report [54], the International Monetary Fund [48] and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development [52]. These reports provide statistical data on the development of countries, indicators of digitalization, indicators of well-being and other socio-economic information necessary for analysis.
Also an important source of data is the national statistical authorities of different countries, which provide information on various aspects of well-being, such as access to education, employment and income. These data help to compare and analyze the differences in well-being between developed and developing countries.
Combining information and empirical data makes it possible to create a comprehensive understanding of the impact of digitalization on the well-being of people in developed and developing countries, as well as to substantiate the conclusions and recommendations presented in the thesis.
The conclusions of this thesis confirm that digitalization has a positive impact on the well-being of people in both developed and developing countries. Digital technologies provide new opportunities and resources to improve people's well-being. They contribute to improving the quality of life and the efficiency of the provision of public and social services.
However, it should be noted that the impact of digitalization on well-being varies depending on the degree of development of the country. In developed countries, the digitalization factor of the population plays a more significant role. While in developing countries, the main factors are Internet use, Mobile Cellular Subscriptions and SMS sending. However, it should be noted that the models also show a minimal negative impact of digitalization indicators on people's well-being.
Based on these differences in the factors of the impact of digitalization on the well-being of people in developed and developing countries, it is recommended to develop different strategies and approaches to maximize the benefits of digital technologies. In developed countries, pay more attention to the development of digital literacy and digitization of data, while in developing countries, strengthen efforts to expand access to basic technologies through benefits and subsidies, as well as teaching the basics of digital skills to the population.
It is also important to note that achieving the Sustainable Development Goals [54], including sustainable cities and communities, clean energy and access to clean water and sanitation, also has a positive impact on the well-being of people in developed and developing countries. Digitalization can serve as a tool to achieve these goals, for example, through monitoring and resource management, energy-efficient technologies and digital platforms for improving services.
Thus, it is recommended to continue the development of digitalization in both types of countries, taking into account their differences and peculiarities. This will maximize the benefits of digital technologies and achieve sustainable well-being of people in developed and developing countries.
The study revealed the impact of digitalization on the well-being of people in developed and developing countries. The key factors and mechanisms through which digitalization affects various aspects of well-being were identified. Similarities and differences in the impact of digitalization on well-being in different countries were identified. The results of the study can be used to develop strategies and policies aimed at improving the well-being of people in the context of digital transformation.
The work contains 87 sheets of text, 21 tables, 3 graphs, 9 figures and 48 appendices.