Оценка уровня интернационализации высшего образования в развитых странах
Аннотация
In the 21st century, new incentives are gaining momentum to include countries that begin to drive the education economy and develop trade in educational services. Considering the growing tendency to the world educational market, to the ex–port of education and development of strategies of universities to enter the world market, the author conducted research to assess the level of internationalization of higher education to identify new methods and trends in educational development and access to the world arena for all countries. The purpose of the work is to identify new trends for Russia. How to it to strengthen and capture new positions in the global market of educational services. The object of the work is the assessment of the level of internationalization of higher education in developed countries.
The subject of the work is the improvement of methods to assess the level of internationalization of higher education, aimed at improving the competitiveness of Russia and strengthening its position in the global market of educational services. The hypothesis is that despite common measures to assess the level of international education, countries can create segments of the successful development of education, not only in the number of foreign students in the country and what share of exports of educational services they have, but also due to the emergence of new factors – such as value–added exports and imports of higher education. The study is based on statistical data of international organizations, including the World Trade Organization and the Statistical Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. The methodological basis was formed by the works of scientists in the field of research of internationalization and foreign trade of higher education. All types of foreign trade structure in education were analyzed in depth, both at global and country levels. The key aspects of the approach to the term "internationalization of higher education" were found out and our own understanding of the term was given. One of the results of the analysis is a significant reduction of the leading educational market share, and growth of less popular participants in value terms, i.e. the share in money terms is more than in quantitative terms, which means that it is revealed that it is expensive to study in such countries. In Russia is revealed opposite situation, but which does not allow. Increasing prices for educational services, but only creation of strong competitiveness. At the level of Russia, universities see among the main obstacles the lack of an approach to the perception of education as a market, low information and marketing activity, lack of experience in international activities. While the share of the traditional leaders of the global educational market has fallen, Russia is one of the countries that has increased its share, as demonstrated by the growing flow of foreign students to Russia.
The analysis of international strategies of universities showed the lack of a unified approach to its formation.
Another major result is an increase in the level of leadership and a new participant in the global market of educational services – Canada.
It was found that countries need to rely more on the creation of training programs focused on the problems of national economies, not only on the country leaders.
The subject of the work is the improvement of methods to assess the level of internationalization of higher education, aimed at improving the competitiveness of Russia and strengthening its position in the global market of educational services. The hypothesis is that despite common measures to assess the level of international education, countries can create segments of the successful development of education, not only in the number of foreign students in the country and what share of exports of educational services they have, but also due to the emergence of new factors – such as value–added exports and imports of higher education. The study is based on statistical data of international organizations, including the World Trade Organization and the Statistical Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. The methodological basis was formed by the works of scientists in the field of research of internationalization and foreign trade of higher education. All types of foreign trade structure in education were analyzed in depth, both at global and country levels. The key aspects of the approach to the term "internationalization of higher education" were found out and our own understanding of the term was given. One of the results of the analysis is a significant reduction of the leading educational market share, and growth of less popular participants in value terms, i.e. the share in money terms is more than in quantitative terms, which means that it is revealed that it is expensive to study in such countries. In Russia is revealed opposite situation, but which does not allow. Increasing prices for educational services, but only creation of strong competitiveness. At the level of Russia, universities see among the main obstacles the lack of an approach to the perception of education as a market, low information and marketing activity, lack of experience in international activities. While the share of the traditional leaders of the global educational market has fallen, Russia is one of the countries that has increased its share, as demonstrated by the growing flow of foreign students to Russia.
The analysis of international strategies of universities showed the lack of a unified approach to its formation.
Another major result is an increase in the level of leadership and a new participant in the global market of educational services – Canada.
It was found that countries need to rely more on the creation of training programs focused on the problems of national economies, not only on the country leaders.