Научно-технологический потенциал университетов как фактор влияющий на динамику высокотехнологичного экспорта / Scientific and technological potential of universities as a factor affecting the dynamics of high-tech export
Аннотация
This work is aimed on identification and establishing of the relation of university-related activities with the high-tech export of a country. Numerous researchers previously described and proved the positive economic impact of universities on the productivity of knowledge-intensive firms and on the economies of certain countries. Their works were based mainly on relatively explicit university-to-industry activities such as technology-transfer, transfer of existing know-how and other types of university-industry cooperation and were not estimated in the scope of several countries with different stages of development.
The aims of this work are to establish a relationship between high-tech export volume of a country and three channels of university-industry relationship: 1) Creation of a qualified human capital. 2) Innovation and knowledge creation channel. 3) Knowledge and technology transfer. The study will be conducted among two groups of countries, with 8 countries in each: developed countries group and developing countries group (according to the United Nations classification).
The object of this research will be three different export types. High-tech export, that include aerospace products, computers, pharmaceuticals and electrical machinery. Manufactured goods export include: leather, rubber, paper, textile, iron & steel, non-metallic minerals, etc. Crude materials (except fuels& oil) export include: hides & skins, wood, ores & metal scrap, etc. The subject of the examination is the impact of university-related channels on the volume of high-tech export. Methodological tools used in the estimation are theoretical methods and econometric analysis using panel data regression with fixed effect.
The practical significance of the estimation is reflected in building a more holistic picture about the importance of tertiary education contribution to the country’s economy performance.
The information-empirical research base are scientific articles on related themes, open-source databases: WITS, ILOSTAT, WorldBank DB.
The following results were obtained during an estimation. All of the mentioned channels - knowledge-creation, human capital creation and knowledge-transfer, had significant effect on the volume of high-tech export both in developed and developing groups of countries. The number of significant channels was less in case with the volume of manufactured goods export, in other words, export of manufactured goods was affected less by the same channels than high-tech export. The number of significant channels in case with volume of crude materials export was the least. This may mean, that university related activities might have impact especially on knowledge-intensive industries. Considering the relation type of the channels. In case with developing countries, the relation type of each channel with the volume of high-tech export was positive. In case with developed countries, the relation type of knowledge-creation channel and human capital creation channel with the volume of high-tech export was positive. However, the relation type with the knowledge-transfer channel was negative. For the developing group of countries, knowledge-transfer channel had the most significant positive impact on the volume of high-tech export. For the developed group of countries, the most significant positive impact in the volume of high-tech export was contributed by knowledge-creation channel. The reasoning for that, probably, is in the way how economies with different stages of development utilize different knowledge-intensive inputs.
The aims of this work are to establish a relationship between high-tech export volume of a country and three channels of university-industry relationship: 1) Creation of a qualified human capital. 2) Innovation and knowledge creation channel. 3) Knowledge and technology transfer. The study will be conducted among two groups of countries, with 8 countries in each: developed countries group and developing countries group (according to the United Nations classification).
The object of this research will be three different export types. High-tech export, that include aerospace products, computers, pharmaceuticals and electrical machinery. Manufactured goods export include: leather, rubber, paper, textile, iron & steel, non-metallic minerals, etc. Crude materials (except fuels& oil) export include: hides & skins, wood, ores & metal scrap, etc. The subject of the examination is the impact of university-related channels on the volume of high-tech export. Methodological tools used in the estimation are theoretical methods and econometric analysis using panel data regression with fixed effect.
The practical significance of the estimation is reflected in building a more holistic picture about the importance of tertiary education contribution to the country’s economy performance.
The information-empirical research base are scientific articles on related themes, open-source databases: WITS, ILOSTAT, WorldBank DB.
The following results were obtained during an estimation. All of the mentioned channels - knowledge-creation, human capital creation and knowledge-transfer, had significant effect on the volume of high-tech export both in developed and developing groups of countries. The number of significant channels was less in case with the volume of manufactured goods export, in other words, export of manufactured goods was affected less by the same channels than high-tech export. The number of significant channels in case with volume of crude materials export was the least. This may mean, that university related activities might have impact especially on knowledge-intensive industries. Considering the relation type of the channels. In case with developing countries, the relation type of each channel with the volume of high-tech export was positive. In case with developed countries, the relation type of knowledge-creation channel and human capital creation channel with the volume of high-tech export was positive. However, the relation type with the knowledge-transfer channel was negative. For the developing group of countries, knowledge-transfer channel had the most significant positive impact on the volume of high-tech export. For the developed group of countries, the most significant positive impact in the volume of high-tech export was contributed by knowledge-creation channel. The reasoning for that, probably, is in the way how economies with different stages of development utilize different knowledge-intensive inputs.