Развитие транспортной инфраструктуры стран БРИКС

Эрнст Дарья Денисовна

Аннотация


This document reports on the results of a comparative analysis of the transport infrastructure of the BRICS countries. The study used a systematic literature review to determine the transport infrastructure and its impact on the country's development. An empirical analysis of data for 2015-2020 was carried out on such indicators as passenger turnover and freight turnover by type of transport, labor force in the industry, country area, level of urbanization of the population, GDP per capita, investment in transport infrastructure.
The object of the research is the international association BRICS. The subject of the research is transport infrastructure as a way for the development of the economies of countries at a new level.
The purpose of the thesis is to analyze the factors affecting the development of transport infrastructure, as well as to determine the capabilities of these countries and ways of developing transport infrastructure in the context of the world economy. This goal is achieved by solving the following tasks:
- characterize the transport infrastructure as the engine of the economy;
- explore the transport management system in the BRICS countries;
- determine the factors influencing the development of the transport structure;
- conduct empirical data analysis;
- assess ways and measures to improve the current state of transport infrastructure.
The resulting analysis and conclusions, based on a methodological consideration of various external and internal factors, reveal the unique situation in each of the selected countries, which either hinders or contributes to the development of transport infrastructure. Benchmarking tools will be used as research methods, panel data methods such as panel least squares, panel least squares with fixed effects and panel least squares with random effects will be used to study collective impact by bringing together all BRICS countries. When writing the work, the World and regional statistics, national data, maps and estimates from the World Data Atlas were used.
Empirical data analysis showed a positive relationship between passenger traffic, workforce in the structure, urbanization of the population and the area of the country, taking into account Air Transport; a positive relationship between passenger traffic, labor force in the structure, urbanization of the population and GDP per capita, as well as the negative impact of rising gasoline prices, taking in-to account Road transport; a positive relationship between freight traffic, labor force in the structure, urbanization of the population, country area and gasoline prices, taking into account Rail transport. In conclusion, the document notes the strategic directions for the development of the transport system for the balanced development of transport infrastructure.