Факторы высокотехнологичного экспорта: межстрановой анализ
Аннотация
This study analyzes the determinants of high-tech exports in the 80 largest countries in the world by GDP from 1996 to 2019. The relevance of this study is due to the fact that high-tech exports play an important role in ensuring the country's economic growth, act as a measure of innovative and technological development, and ensure the competitiveness of states in the international arena due to the use of highly qualified labor in production, high investment and development costs, as well as the latest technologies. Therefore, the identification of high-tech export factors will contribute to the formation of a competent industrial policy. The purpose of the study: to identify the factors that affect the flows of high-tech exports in the 80 largest countries of the world for the period from 1996 to 2019, using a gravity model. The object of the study is medium-and high-tech industries. Subject of research: determinants of high-tech exports.
The analysis was carried out by constructing a gravitational model using the least squares method, a model with fixed effects, a model with random effects, and the Poisson maximum likelihood method. Data on variables were collected from the World Bank statistical database, the International Center for Taxation and Development, the International Energy Agency, and the UNCTAD statistical database.
The results showed a positive and significant impact of GDP in the exporting and importing countries, the level of innovation activity, foreign direct investment and the openness of the economy, a common language and borders on the volume of high-tech exports. The volume of natural resources and oil reserves, the inflation rate of both trading partners, the nominal tax rate and the distance between partners in most of the countries under consideration have a negative impact.
The analysis was carried out by constructing a gravitational model using the least squares method, a model with fixed effects, a model with random effects, and the Poisson maximum likelihood method. Data on variables were collected from the World Bank statistical database, the International Center for Taxation and Development, the International Energy Agency, and the UNCTAD statistical database.
The results showed a positive and significant impact of GDP in the exporting and importing countries, the level of innovation activity, foreign direct investment and the openness of the economy, a common language and borders on the volume of high-tech exports. The volume of natural resources and oil reserves, the inflation rate of both trading partners, the nominal tax rate and the distance between partners in most of the countries under consideration have a negative impact.